kilns require the most energy to heat up as the electric element slowly causes the temperature of the kiln to increase. however, if the kiln is well insulated and the door is kept shut, once the kiln is at temperature, the kiln will only require a small amount of energy to stay at temperature. for example, if you hear your relay kick on for 10 seconds every minute, you are consuming 1/6th of the power that you did heating up. so your cost calculations should not assume that the kiln pulls power every second of use. also, kilns are usually designed to draw less than 12 amps off of a 15 amp breaker. most small glass kilns i am aware of only draw 11 amps at maximum.
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Mark Wilson
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